{"id":129426,"date":"2025-04-30T14:57:11","date_gmt":"2025-04-30T19:57:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/articles\/all-branches-of-government-waging-war-against-journalism-in-peru-press-advocates-warn\/"},"modified":"2025-04-30T21:42:02","modified_gmt":"2025-05-01T02:42:02","slug":"all-branches-of-government-waging-war-against-journalism-in-peru-press-advocates-warn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/articles\/all-branches-of-government-waging-war-against-journalism-in-peru-press-advocates-warn\/","title":{"rendered":"Todos os poderes do Estado est\u00e3o em guerra contra o jornalismo no Peru, alertam defensores da imprensa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rosana Cueva, diretora de dois dos maiores canais de televis\u00e3o do Peru - Am\u00e9rica TV e Canal N -, diz que se acostumou a receber diversas formas de intimida\u00e7\u00e3o por seu trabalho, o que, embora considere irritante, aceita como parte da profiss\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

No entanto, quando a Procuradoria Especializada em Crimes contra o Crime Organizado de Lima anunciou, em janeiro de 2025, que ela estava oficialmente investigada por \"tr\u00e1fico de dados pessoais\" e \"organiza\u00e7\u00e3o criminosa\", sua percep\u00e7\u00e3o mudou. A gravidade dos crimes pelos quais ela est\u00e1 sendo investigada poderia avan\u00e7ar a tal ponto que sua casa poderia ser invadida, suas comunica\u00e7\u00f5es privadas poderiam ser acessadas e, claro, ela poderia ser presa.<\/span><\/p>\n

O caso \u00e9 apenas um exemplo do que as organiza\u00e7\u00f5es que defendem a liberdade de imprensa identificam como ataques e persegui\u00e7\u00f5es do Estado contra a imprensa do pa\u00eds. Esses ataques se materializam em a\u00e7\u00f5es judiciais, leis restritivas e ataques verbais de pol\u00edticos, inclusive da pr\u00f3pria Presidente.<\/span><\/p>\n

No caso de Cueva, ela e dois outros jornalistas \u2013 Eduardo Quispe [ex-rep\u00f3rter da Am\u00e9rica TV] e Humberto 'Beto' Ortiz [jornalista freelancer] \u2013<\/span> s\u00e3o investigados<\/span><\/a> ap\u00f3s <\/span>Zamir Villaverde<\/span><\/a>, um empres\u00e1rio com antecedentes criminais e colaborador pr\u00f3ximo do ex-presidente Pedro Castillo, <\/span>process\u00e1-los<\/span><\/a> em novembro de 2024 por presumida organiza\u00e7\u00e3o criminosa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quando os ve\u00edculos de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o dos jornalistas se recusaram a remover artigos que investigavam os la\u00e7os pol\u00edticos e os antecedentes de Villaverde, este entrou com uma a\u00e7\u00e3o alegando que os jornalistas pagaram a um colaborador efetivo da Procuradoria-Geral da Rep\u00fablica em sua investiga\u00e7\u00e3o contra o ex-presidente Pedro Castillo. Villaverde os acusou de pagar por exclusividades, algo que os tr\u00eas profissionais de imprensa negam.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"O surpreendente foi que a promotoria o ouviu e abriu uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o\", disse Cueva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ataques em todas as frentes<\/span><\/h3>\n

Defensores da imprensa dizem que os jornalistas n\u00e3o s\u00e3o atacados apenas em tribunal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zuliana Lainez, presidente da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional de Jornalistas (ANP), disse \u00e0 <\/span>LatAm Journalism Review (LJR) <\/b>que os poderes Executivo, Judici\u00e1rio e Legislativo do pa\u00eds t\u00eam jornalistas na sua mira.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Dissemos literalmente e documentamos que o jornalismo neste momento no Peru est\u00e1 sitiado porque \u00e9 atacado por todos os poderes do Estado\", disse Lainez.<\/span><\/p>\n

Algo com que concorda o <\/span>Conselho de Imprensa Peruano<\/span><\/a> (CPP, na sigla em espanhol). Como contou \u00e0 <\/span>LJR <\/b>Rodrigo Salazar Zimmermann, diretor executivo do CPP, o Minist\u00e9rio P\u00fablico e o Judici\u00e1rio s\u00e3o a \"principal frente de agress\u00e3o\" \u00e0 imprensa. O Minist\u00e9rio P\u00fablico abre investiga\u00e7\u00f5es contra jornalistas e autoriza dilig\u00eancias que o CPP considera que n\u00e3o deveriam ter sido aprovadas. O Judici\u00e1rio, por outro lado, aceita den\u00fancias \"absolutamente malucas\" e n\u00e3o avan\u00e7a na investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de crimes contra jornalistas, inclusive os cometidos h\u00e1 mais de 30 anos, disse Salazar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Exemplo disso, dise Salazar Zimmermann, \u00e9 que n\u00e3o houve avan\u00e7os na investiga\u00e7\u00e3o do <\/span>assassinato <\/span><\/a>do jornalista Gast\u00f3n Medina ocorrido em 20 de janeiro de 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

Enquanto isso, o atual Congresso <\/span>avalia<\/span><\/a> propostas de lei que afetam a imprensa a cada 60 diaa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uma delas, por exemplo, foi aprovada pelo Congresso em 12 de mar\u00e7o e <\/span>promulgada<\/span><\/a> pela Presidente em 14 de abril. A Lei n\u00ba 32.301, conhecida como 'anti-ONG', recebeu a <\/span>rejei\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a> de organiza\u00e7\u00f5es que defendem a liberdade de imprensa e jornalistas no pa\u00eds e no mundo devido aos efeitos nocivos \u00e0 profiss\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Segundo esta lei, a Ag\u00eancia Peruana de Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o Internacional (APCI) pode censurar e bloquear investiga\u00e7\u00f5es jornal\u00edsticas financiadas pela coopera\u00e7\u00e3o internacional, segundo jornalistas. Isso tamb\u00e9m afeta os ve\u00edculos de m\u00eddia que recebem este tipo de apoio financeiro.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al\u00e9m disso, em 13 de mar\u00e7o, o Congresso <\/span>aprovou<\/span><\/a> em primeira vota\u00e7\u00e3o mais uma lei que aumenta penas para o crime de difama\u00e7\u00e3o e cal\u00fania e que poderia levar um jornalista a cumprir penas de at\u00e9 cinco anos de pris\u00e3o. Ainda est\u00e1 na pauta do Congresso para uma segunda vota\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Soma-se a isso os constantes ataques verbais do Poder Executivo, que acusa constantemente a m\u00eddia e os jornalistas de \"<\/span>golpistas<\/span><\/a>\", \"marmeleros\" (quem recebe dinheiro em troca de publica\u00e7\u00f5es) e at\u00e9 \"<\/span>terroristas de imagem<\/span><\/a>\".<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Com a dificuldade de usar a palavra terrorista em um pa\u00eds como o nosso\", disse Lainez.<\/span><\/p>\n

No dia 3 de mar\u00e7o, a Presidente Dina Boluarte <\/span>acusou<\/span><\/a> a \"m\u00e1 imprensa\" e a Procuradoria-Geral da Rep\u00fablica de conluio para dar um \"golpe branco\".<\/span><\/p>\n

Al\u00e9m deste discurso agressivo, Salazar Zimmermann disse que durante os protestos contra Boluarte entre dezembro de 2022 e janeiro de 2023, mais de 100 <\/span>jornalistas foram espancados<\/span><\/a>, perseguidos e amea\u00e7ados pela pol\u00edcia durante a cobertura dos protestos. Segundo Salazar Zimmermann, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 investiga\u00e7\u00f5es abertas sobre estes ataques.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Ent\u00e3o temos todo um Estado contra a imprensa que, para usar a palavra de Dina Boluarte, eu diria que o Estado peruano deu um golpe de estado branco contra a imprensa no Peru\", disse Salazar Zimmermann.<\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/span>LJR <\/b>solicitou coment\u00e1rios sobre essas den\u00fancias \u00e0s assessorias de imprensa da Presid\u00eancia, do Poder Executivo, do Poder Legislativo e da Procuradoria-Geral da Rep\u00fablica, mas n\u00e3o obteve resposta de nenhuma entidade.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uma \"grave\" deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o das liberdades<\/span><\/h3>\n

A deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o da liberdade de imprensa no Peru tamb\u00e9m foi notada por diferentes organiza\u00e7\u00f5es a n\u00edvel internacional.<\/span><\/p>\n

O mais recente \u00cdndice Chapultepec da Sociedade Interamericana de Imprensa (SIP), que estuda anualmente a situa\u00e7\u00e3o da liberdade de imprensa no continente, \"confirmou um s\u00e9rio retrocesso nas liberdades de imprensa e de express\u00e3o no Peru\", disse \u00e0 LJR Carlos Laur\u00eda, diretor executivo da SIP. O pa\u00eds <\/span>despencou<\/span><\/a> da 12\u00aa para a 16\u00aa coloca\u00e7\u00e3o entre 22 pa\u00edses e atingiu a categoria \"alta restri\u00e7\u00e3o\".<\/span><\/p>\n

Esse n\u00e3o foi o \u00fanico \u00edndice a apontar isso. No \u00cdndice Mundial de Liberdade de Imprensa realizado anualmente pela Rep\u00f3rteres Sem Fronteiras (RSF), o Peru <\/span>teve<\/span><\/a> uma queda livre: do 77\u00ba lugar em 2022 passou para o 110\u00ba em 2023. E em 2024 j\u00e1 estava no 125\u00ba lugar entre 180 pa\u00edses.<\/span><\/p>\n

A SIP <\/span>realizou<\/span><\/a> uma visita de tr\u00eas dias ao pa\u00eds em mar\u00e7o passado, onde p\u00f4de verificar no terreno as informa\u00e7\u00f5es que receberam sobre a situa\u00e7\u00e3o da imprensa no pa\u00eds, disse Laur\u00eda. A associa\u00e7\u00e3o saiu tranquila pela resposta que recebeu do Estado e pela abertura que teve para receber as suas preocupa\u00e7\u00f5es, como quando a Presidente do Poder Judici\u00e1rio, Janet Tello Gilardi, assinou as duas declara\u00e7\u00f5es da SIP (Chapultepec e Salta II) em demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o de compromisso com a liberdade de imprensa e express\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

No entanto, Laur\u00eda disse que os representantes da SIP acharam \"muito decepcionante\" que no dia seguinte depois de sa\u00edrem, a nova \"lei da morda\u00e7a\" que criminaliza a difama\u00e7\u00e3o <\/span>foi aprovada<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Como fato positivo, vimos que a sociedade civil, as organiza\u00e7\u00f5es que defendem os jornalistas, est\u00e3o na primeira linha de defesa\", disse Laur\u00eda. \"\u00c9 importante dar visibilidade a este problema, porque \u00e9 evidente que n\u00e3o afeta apenas um setor da popula\u00e7\u00e3o, a profiss\u00e3o jornal\u00edstica, mas afeta toda a sociedade\".<\/span><\/p>\n

Laur\u00eda apelou \u00e0 comunidade internacional para que se concentre no Peru, especialmente devido \u00e0s elei\u00e7\u00f5es que o pa\u00eds ter\u00e1 no pr\u00f3ximo ano.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u00c9 importante dar visibilidade a isso, uma vez que o agravamento da situa\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edtica e institucional [no Peru] teve um impacto muito, muito prejudicial sobre a liberdade de express\u00e3o\", disse Laur\u00eda.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Defensores da imprensa afirmam que todos os tr\u00eas ramos do governo peruano est\u00e3o atacando jornalistas com a\u00e7\u00f5es judiciais, leis e ataques verbais.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":129299,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1219],"tags":[1534,1379,1597],"coauthors":[2741],"class_list":["post-129426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-liberdade-de-imprensa-pt-br","tag-ataques-contra-jornalistas-pt-br","tag-casos-judiciais-pt-br","tag-peru-pt-br"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTodos os poderes do Estado est\u00e3o em guerra contra o jornalismo no Peru, alertam defensores da imprensa - LatAm Journalism Review by the Knight Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Defensores da imprensa afirmam que todos os tr\u00eas ramos do governo peruano est\u00e3o 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Higuera Fl\u00f3rez is a Colombian journalist interested in covering Latin American issues and human rights, especially the right to freedom of expression, and investigative journalism. She studied Social Communication and Journalism at Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana in Bucaramanga (Colombia), and received her Master's of Arts in Journalism from the University of Texas at Austin in 2015. She worked with the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) under the Orlando Sierra fellowship during 2014. She also worked for the Colombian newspaper Vanguardia Liberal and wrote for different magazines about local, economic and public order issues. Her work has also appeared in The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald of Miami. Email: silvia.knightcenter@gmail.com Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez es una periodista colombiana con inter\u00e9s period\u00edstico es Am\u00e9rica Latina y los derechos humanos, particularmente el derecho a la libertad de expresi\u00f3n, as\u00ed como el periodismo de investigaci\u00f3n. Estudi\u00f3 Comunicaci\u00f3n Social \u2013 Periodismo en la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga (Colombia), y recibi\u00f3 su maestr\u00eda en Periodismo en la Universidad de Texas, en Austin en 2015. Trabaj\u00f3 para la Relator\u00eda Especial para la Libertad de Expresi\u00f3n de la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) en el marco de la beca Orlando Sierra, durante 2014. Tambi\u00e9n hizo parte del diario Vanguardia Liberal y escribi\u00f3 para otras revistas colombianas cubriendo fuentes locales, econ\u00f3micas y judiciales. Algunos de sus trabajos han aparecido en The Miami Herald y El Nuevo Herald de Miami. Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez \u00e9 uma jornalista colombiana e seu interesse jornal\u00edstico \u00e9 a Am\u00e9rica Latina e os direitos humanos, nomeadamente o direito \u00e0 liberdade de express\u00e3o. Estudou Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o Social \u2013 Jornalismo na Universidade Pontif\u00edcia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga, na Col\u00f4mbia e completou seu mestrado em jornalismo na Universidade do Texas em Austin. Silvia trabalhou na Relatoria para a Liberdade de Express\u00e3o da CIDH pela bolsa Orlando Sierra, em 2014. Trabalhou para o jornal Vanguardia Liberal e escreveu para outras revistas colombianas cobrindo temas locais, econ\u00f4micas e judici\u00e1rias. 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Higuera Fl\u00f3rez is a Colombian journalist interested in covering Latin American issues and human rights, especially the right to freedom of expression, and investigative journalism. She studied Social Communication and Journalism at Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana in Bucaramanga (Colombia), and received her Master's of Arts in Journalism from the University of Texas at Austin in 2015. She worked with the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) under the Orlando Sierra fellowship during 2014. She also worked for the Colombian newspaper Vanguardia Liberal and wrote for different magazines about local, economic and public order issues. Her work has also appeared in The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald of Miami. Email: silvia.knightcenter@gmail.com Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez es una periodista colombiana con inter\u00e9s period\u00edstico es Am\u00e9rica Latina y los derechos humanos, particularmente el derecho a la libertad de expresi\u00f3n, as\u00ed como el periodismo de investigaci\u00f3n. Estudi\u00f3 Comunicaci\u00f3n Social \u2013 Periodismo en la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga (Colombia), y recibi\u00f3 su maestr\u00eda en Periodismo en la Universidad de Texas, en Austin en 2015. Trabaj\u00f3 para la Relator\u00eda Especial para la Libertad de Expresi\u00f3n de la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) en el marco de la beca Orlando Sierra, durante 2014. Tambi\u00e9n hizo parte del diario Vanguardia Liberal y escribi\u00f3 para otras revistas colombianas cubriendo fuentes locales, econ\u00f3micas y judiciales. Algunos de sus trabajos han aparecido en The Miami Herald y El Nuevo Herald de Miami. Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez \u00e9 uma jornalista colombiana e seu interesse jornal\u00edstico \u00e9 a Am\u00e9rica Latina e os direitos humanos, nomeadamente o direito \u00e0 liberdade de express\u00e3o. Estudou Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o Social \u2013 Jornalismo na Universidade Pontif\u00edcia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga, na Col\u00f4mbia e completou seu mestrado em jornalismo na Universidade do Texas em Austin. Silvia trabalhou na Relatoria para a Liberdade de Express\u00e3o da CIDH pela bolsa Orlando Sierra, em 2014. Trabalhou para o jornal Vanguardia Liberal e escreveu para outras revistas colombianas cobrindo temas locais, econ\u00f4micas e judici\u00e1rias. Alguns de seus trabalhos apareceram no The Miami Herald e no El Nuevo Herald de Miami.","sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/shiguerita"],"url":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/articles\/author\/silvia-higuera\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129426","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=129426"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129426\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129430,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129426\/revisions\/129430"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/129299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=129426"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=129426"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=129426"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=129426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}