{"id":161032,"date":"2026-02-18T08:36:27","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T14:36:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/?p=161032"},"modified":"2026-02-18T08:41:54","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T14:41:54","slug":"desinformacao-alimentada-por-ia-aumenta-antes-das-eleicoes-no-brasil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/articles\/desinformacao-alimentada-por-ia-aumenta-antes-das-eleicoes-no-brasil\/","title":{"rendered":"Desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o alimentada por IA aumenta antes das elei\u00e7\u00f5es no Brasil"},"content":{"rendered":"

Enquanto a verificadora de fatos Talita Burbulhan realizava suas tarefas di\u00e1rias, ela viu um v\u00eddeo no TikTok em que um \u00e2ncora de TV afirmava que o Brasil estava em alerta devido a um novo v\u00edrus que atingiu o pa\u00eds na v\u00e9spera da semana do Carnaval. O \u00e2ncora disse que o v\u00edrus era mais agressivo que a COVID-19.<\/p>\n

O v\u00eddeo ent\u00e3o cortou para uma transmiss\u00e3o normal de not\u00edcias. Abaixo dele, o texto dizia: \u201cO v\u00edrus j\u00e1 est\u00e1 no Brasil\u201d. Parecia leg\u00edtimo, mas, como Burbulhan descobriu, algu\u00e9m havia usado ferramentas de intelig\u00eancia artificial (IA) para criar desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o, juntando um \u00e2ncora de TV falso com uma transmiss\u00e3o real.<\/p>\n

\u201cQuando pesquisei a transmiss\u00e3o da empresa de m\u00eddia, n\u00e3o havia nenhuma informa\u00e7\u00e3o de que isso j\u00e1 estivesse no Brasil\u201d, disse Burbulhan, verificador de fatos do Estad\u00e3o Verifica,\u00a0\u00e0 LatAm Journalism Review (LJR)<\/strong>. \u201cA not\u00edcia real dizia que n\u00e3o havia casos no Brasil e que a probabilidade de propaga\u00e7\u00e3o era baixa. Mas a postagem n\u00e3o mostrava isso, apenas a parte em que as pessoas compartilhavam suas preocupa\u00e7\u00f5es.\u201d<\/p>\n

Essas cria\u00e7\u00f5es h\u00edbridas \u2013 parte falsas, parte reais \u2013 s\u00e3o preocupantes porque as ferramentas est\u00e3o ficando cada vez melhores na cria\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fado realista.
\nEstudos recentes da\u00a0Universidade de Oslo<\/u><\/a> e\u00a0da Universidade de Indiana<\/u><\/a> mostram que o conte\u00fado de IA pode ser perigoso para o conhecimento p\u00fablico e o discurso pol\u00edtico. E no Brasil, um novo relat\u00f3rio do Observat\u00f3rio Lupa constata que a dissemina\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fado falso criado com intelig\u00eancia artificial triplicou desde 2024 \u2013 um aumento impressionante de 308%.<\/p>\n

O relat\u00f3rio, intitulado\u00a0\u201cVis\u00e3o geral da desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o no<\/u><\/a> Brasil\u201d, publicado no in\u00edcio de fevereiro, afirma que esse ser\u00e1 um dos principais desafios que a m\u00eddia enfrentar\u00e1 antes das elei\u00e7\u00f5es gerais de outubro no Brasil.<\/p>\n

Beatriz Farrugia, uma das principais autoras do relat\u00f3rio, disse\u00a0\u00e0 LJR\u00a0<\/strong>que, em 2024, o conte\u00fado de IA era usado principalmente para espalhar desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o por meio de golpes e fraudes. Em 2025, disse ela, a maior parte foi usada na pol\u00edtica nacional.<\/p>\n

\u201cHouve uma diversifica\u00e7\u00e3o do conte\u00fado de IA, abrangendo pol\u00edtica, assuntos internacionais, entretenimento e at\u00e9 mesmo o meio ambiente\u201d, disse Farrugia. \u201cUm exemplo foi uma imagem gerada por IA de uma falsa aurora boreal no Rio de Janeiro.\u201d<\/p>\n

De acordo com Farrugia, esses v\u00eddeos combinam imagens e mensagens escritas em fontes chamativas. Pesquisadores est\u00e3o ansiosos para apontar a facilidade com que tais fabrica\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o feitas.<\/p>\n

\u201cHoje, qualquer pessoa pode gerar texto, imagens, \u00e1udio ou v\u00eddeo em segundos usando recursos j\u00e1 incorporados em plataformas como mecanismos de busca, redes sociais, aplicativos m\u00f3veis e assistentes conversacionais\u201d, disse Fernando Ferreira, pesquisador do Netlab da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,\u00a0ao LJR<\/strong>. \u201cConhecimento t\u00e9cnico e infraestrutura n\u00e3o s\u00e3o mais necess\u00e1rios: a barreira de entrada caiu drasticamente, inclusive para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fado enganoso ou manipulado.\u201d<\/p>\n

E embora os criadores de conte\u00fado de IA criem principalmente v\u00eddeos para m\u00eddias sociais, eles tamb\u00e9m criam conte\u00fado para simular conversas usando texto e v\u00eddeo gerados por IA, al\u00e9m de v\u00eddeos falsos de selfies atribuindo declara\u00e7\u00f5es a um pol\u00edtico ou personalidade, disse Cau\u00ea Muraro, editor executivo do Fato ou Fake do G1,\u00a0ao LJR<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u201cIsso cria um cen\u00e1rio suficientemente realista, dificultando que as ferramentas de detec\u00e7\u00e3o identifiquem o uso da IA\u201d, disse Muraro.<\/p>\n

Mas, embora algumas organiza\u00e7\u00f5es de not\u00edcias tenham equipes dedicadas \u00e0 verifica\u00e7\u00e3o de fatos, Nat\u00e1lia Leal, chefe da Ag\u00eancia Lupa, disse que nenhum rep\u00f3rter pode descartar a possibilidade de que qualquer imagem \u2013 por mais realista que pare\u00e7a \u2013 possa ter sido gerada com IA.<\/p>\n

\u201cEstamos vivendo em uma \u00e9poca em que precisamos considerar todas as quest\u00f5es relacionadas \u00e0 gera\u00e7\u00e3o de imagens por IA e \u00e0 gera\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fado por IA\u201d, disse Leal\u00a0ao LJR<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

O uso de\u00a0desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0nas campanhas nacionais e regionais do Brasil, que come\u00e7am oficialmente em agosto, preocupa n\u00e3o apenas jornalistas, mas tamb\u00e9m outros setores. O Tribunal Superior Eleitoral j\u00e1\u00a0compartilha suas preocupa\u00e7\u00f5es<\/u><\/a> e avalia uma multa de 30.000 reais (cerca de US$ 5.700) pelo\u00a0uso de IA na cria\u00e7\u00e3o de not\u00edcias falsas<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Farrugia, no entanto, disse que quaisquer medidas para combater\u00a0a desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o e a informa\u00e7\u00e3o errada\u00a0por meio de comunica\u00e7\u00f5es oficiais ou educacionais devem reconhecer que simplesmente emitir uma longa nega\u00e7\u00e3o provavelmente n\u00e3o funcionar\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u201cEla n\u00e3o se tornar\u00e1 viral na mesma medida que a narrativa falsa original\u201d, disse ela, ressaltando um dilema enfrentado tanto pelas reda\u00e7\u00f5es quanto pelas autoridades: em um ecossistema de informa\u00e7\u00e3o superalimentado pela IA, a velocidade e a emo\u00e7\u00e3o muitas vezes superam a corre\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Um relat\u00f3rio do Observat\u00f3rio Lupa revela que as falsidades geradas por IA triplicaram desde 2024, incluindo v\u00eddeos que misturam clipes reais e fabricados, trocas de mensagens falsas e v\u00eddeos de selfies direcionados a autoridades p\u00fablicas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":161039,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1235],"tags":[2908,2861,1568],"coauthors":[3011],"class_list":["post-161032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-falsas-e-desinformacao-pt-br","tag-artificial-intelligence-pt-br","tag-brasil-pt-br","tag-desinformacao-pt-br"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDesinforma\u00e7\u00e3o alimentada por IA aumenta antes das elei\u00e7\u00f5es no Brasil - LatAm Journalism Review by the Knight Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o alimentada por IA aumenta antes das elei\u00e7\u00f5es no Brasil Not\u00edcias Falsas e Desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o. 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He has written for outlets such as The New York Times, Dialogue Earth, Investigate Europe, Revista Piau\u00ed, Ag\u00eancia P\u00fablica, Rest of World, Bellingcat, BBC Brasil, VICE Brasil, Noisey, Correio Braziliense, UOL, Congresso em Foco and Ponte Jornalismo. As a photojournalist, he has collaborated for Estado de Minas, Lenny Letter, Newsweek, OZY magazine and Morgenbladet. Leo can be found on Twitter @leocoelho_jor. --------- Leonardo Coelho \u00e9 um jornalista brasileiro. Escreveu para ve\u00edculos como o The New York Times, Dialogue Earth, Investigate Europe, Revista Piau\u00ed, Rest of World, Bellingcat, BBC Brasil, VICE Brasil, Noisey, Correio Braziliense, UOL, Congresso em Foco e Ponte Jornalismo. Como fotojornalista, j\u00e1 colaborou para o Estado de Minas, Lenny Letter, Newsweek, OZY magazine e Morgenbladet. 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