{"id":44353,"date":"2016-06-05T17:24:39","date_gmt":"2016-06-05T22:24:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/?p=44353"},"modified":"2021-12-06T17:26:33","modified_gmt":"2021-12-06T22:26:33","slug":"mexico-aprova-transmissoes-em-linguas-originarias-apos-reforma-de-lei-de-telecom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/articles\/mexico-aprova-transmissoes-em-linguas-originarias-apos-reforma-de-lei-de-telecom\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9xico aprova transmiss\u00f5es em l\u00ednguas origin\u00e1rias ap\u00f3s reforma de Lei de Telecom"},"content":{"rendered":"

Por Teresa Mioli e Silvia Higuera<\/em><\/p>\n

Desde o dia\u00a02 de junho, as radiodifusoras do\u00a0M\u00e9xico j\u00e1 podem\u00a0transmitir informa\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0em\u00a0qualquer\u00a0uma das l\u00ednguas origin\u00e1rias (ind\u00edgenas) do pa\u00eds, reconhecidas como l\u00ednguas nacionais, sem nenhuma\u00a0lei que as\u00a0impe\u00e7a.<\/p>\n

Tal como\u00a0foi publicado no Di\u00e1rio\u00a0Oficial da Federa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>, o\u00a0Congresso do pa\u00eds enviou\u00a0um decreto ao presidente\u00a0Enrique Pe\u00f1a Nieto\u00a0com\u00a0as emendas feitas\u00a0ao par\u00e1grafo relacionado com\u00a0as l\u00ednguas permitidas na\u00a0radiodifus\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

O primeiro par\u00e1grafo do artigo\u00a0230 da Lei Federal de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es e Radiodifus\u00e3o\u00a0(Ley Telecom) foi mudado\u00a0para o\u00a0seguinte: \u201cEm suas transmiss\u00f5es, as esta\u00e7\u00f5es radiodifusoras dos concession\u00e1rios poder\u00e3o\u00a0fazer\u00a0uso de qualquer\u00a0das l\u00ednguas [sic<\/em>] nacionais em\u00a0conformidade com\u00a0as disposi\u00e7\u00f5es legais aplic\u00e1veis. As concess\u00f5es de uso social ind\u00edgena poder\u00e3o\u00a0fazer\u00a0uso da l\u00edngua do povo\u00a0origin\u00e1rio a que correspondam.\u201d<\/p>\n

Na vers\u00e3o\u00a0original, aprovada em 2014 com\u00a0a Lei\u00a0Telecom, as\u00a0concession\u00e1rias de\u00a0radiodifus\u00e3o eram obrigadas a\u00a0\u201cfazer\u00a0uso do\u00a0idioma nacional\u201d,<\/a>\u00a0dando a entender como \u00fanico o idioma espanhol. \u201cO anterior, sem\u00a0preju\u00edzo\u00a0de que adicionalmente as concess\u00f5es de uso social ind\u00edgena fa\u00e7am\u00a0uso da l\u00edngua do povo\u00a0origin\u00e1rio a que correspondam\u201d, continuava o\u00a0artigo.<\/p>\n

O caminho para a emenda da lei come\u00e7ou\u00a0depois\u00a0que o\u00a0poeta e jornalista ind\u00edgena\u00a0Mardonio Carballo<\/a>\u00a0ganhou\u00a0um recurso que chegou\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0Corte Suprema de Justi\u00e7a do pa\u00eds que declarou, em\u00a0janeiro\u00a0de 2016, a inconstitucionalidade do artigo\u00a0230.<\/p>\n

Carballo, que trabalha em espanhol e n\u00e1huatl, afirmou\u00a0que o artigo como foi\u00a0aprovado em 2014, era de\u00a0\u201ctodas as formas\u00a0discriminat\u00f3rio\u201d se se levasse em conta\u00a0que o\u00a0pa\u00eds havia aprovado em 2003 a Lei Geral de Direitos\u00a0Ling\u00fc\u00edsticos dos Povos\u00a0Ind\u00edgenas\u00a0que reconhece como l\u00ednguas nacionais as l\u00ednguas origin\u00e1rias mexicanas.<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cQuer\u00a0dizer, no\u00a0M\u00e9xico n\u00e3o se fala\u00a0uma l\u00edngua nacional, mas\u00a0v\u00e1rias l\u00ednguas nacionais\u201d, explicou\u00a0Carballo ao\u00a0Centro Knight para o Jornalismo nas\u00a0Am\u00e9ricas<\/strong>\u00a0em uma conversa\u00a0em\u00a0abril, antes da emenda ter sido\u00a0aprovada no\u00a0Senado.<\/p>\n

De acordo\u00a0com o\u00a0Instituto Nacional de L\u00ednguas Ind\u00edgenas Mexicanas, no\u00a0pa\u00eds h\u00e1 68 grupos\u00a0ling\u00fc\u00edsticos<\/a>\u00a0que correspondem a diferentes povos\u00a0ind\u00edgenas. Cada um\u00a0destes grupos tem suas varia\u00e7\u00f5es\u00a0ling\u00fc\u00edsticas.<\/p>\n

Com isso\u00a0em mente, Carballo come\u00e7ou\u00a0a \u201clutar contra este artigo\u201d. O\u00a0primeiro que fez foi\u00a0interpor uma a\u00e7\u00e3o de inconstitucionalidade, que foi\u00a0rejeitada\u00a0em primeira inst\u00e2ncia. Depois de entrar com um recurso, seu caso chegou \u00e0 Suprema Corte do pa\u00eds, que em\u00a0janeiro\u00a0de 2016 declarou\u00a0a inconstitucionalidade do\u00a0artigo.<\/p>\n

Mas a decis\u00e3o\u00a0da Corte amparava apenas\u00a0Carballo, que apesar de gerar um\u00a0precedente jur\u00eddico favor\u00e1vel a qualquer pessoa\u00a0que sentisse\u00a0que seus direitos estavam sendo violados, n\u00e3o chegava\u00a0a modificar a lei, segundo explicou o\u00a0jornalista.<\/p>\n

#s\u00edsepudo<\/a>\u00a0Cambiamos Art 230\u00a0#LeyTelecom<\/a>\u00a0s\u00ed a uso de lenguas nacionales -s\u00ed, en plural- en los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n\u00a0https:\/\/t.co\/Wgm7Xl8XlM<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2014 Mardonio Carballo (@mardoniocarbalo)\u00a0June 1, 2016<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ap\u00f3s a vit\u00f3ria de Carballo na\u00a0Suprema Corte, o\u00a0deputado Jos\u00e9 Clemente Casta\u00f1eda apresentou\u00a0uma proposta ao\u00a0Congresso<\/a>\u00a0para mudar a\u00a0reda\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0do\u00a0artigo controverso.<\/p>\n

Tanto a C\u00e2mara de Deputados quanto o\u00a0Senado\u00a0aprovaram a mudan\u00e7a\u00a0na reda\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Quando o Centro Knight entrevistou\u00a0Carballo, depois da\u00a0C\u00e2mara aprovar\u00a0a mudan\u00e7a e antes da\u00a0decis\u00e3o\u00a0do Senado, o\u00a0jornalista disse\u00a0que era uma \u201cconquista\u00a0importante\u201d, especialmente porque havia\u00a0muito\u00a0tempo que\u00a0n\u00e3o se discutia\u00a0no\u00a0pa\u00eds os povos\u00a0ind\u00edgenas, meios de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o e poder legislativo.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00c9 uma conquista\u00a0social\u201d, disse\u00a0Carballo. \"\u00c9 um esfor\u00e7o\u00a0absolutamente social. Ou seja, a C\u00e2mara Baixa ou\u00a0a C\u00e2mara Alta o apresentam como uma\u00a0luta conjunta, mas me parece que em realidade o \u00fanico que est\u00e3o\u00a0fazendo\u00a0\u00e9\u00a0desfazer\u00a0seu pr\u00f3prio erro\u201d.<\/p>\n

Para este jornalista, que\u00a0assegura ser um dos\u00a0poucos comunicadores ind\u00edgenas que conseguiu\u00a0\u201cromper o telhado do\u00a0comunit\u00e1rio\u201d ao\u00a0ter presen\u00e7a nos meios massivos comerciais de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0do\u00a0pa\u00eds, o importante agora \u00e9 conseguir\u00a0que\u00a0estes meios se interessem n\u00e3o s\u00f3 em\u00a0transmitir conte\u00fados ind\u00edgenas, como o fazer em suas l\u00ednguas.<\/p>\n

\u201cCustou muito trabalho incluir o\u00a0tema ind\u00edgena nos\u00a0meios de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o massivos. Por isso quando vem uma lei, a meu\u00a0ver\u00a0retr\u00f3grada, h\u00e1\u00a0que combat\u00ea-la\u201d, explicou\u00a0Carballo. \u201cO\u00a0seguinte passo \u00e9\u00a0deixar as r\u00e1dios comunit\u00e1rias, temos que pensar a forma de ter\u00a0conte\u00fados ind\u00edgenas em l\u00ednguas ind\u00edgenas nos\u00a0meios massivos [\u2026] \u00c9 preciso\u00a0assumir que o mundo \u00e9 muito maior\u00a0e que temos direito\u00a0e n\u00e3o temos um impedimento legal para gerar conte\u00fado, oferec\u00ea-lo e buscar que seja\u00a0nas\u00a0l\u00ednguas origin\u00e1rias mexicanas\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nota do editor: Essa hist\u00f3ria foi publicada originalmente no blog de jornalismo nas Am\u00e9ricas do Centro Knight, o predecessor do LatAm Journalism Review.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Desde o dia\u00a02 de junho, as radiodifusoras do\u00a0M\u00e9xico j\u00e1 podem\u00a0transmitir informa\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0em\u00a0qualquer\u00a0uma das l\u00ednguas origin\u00e1rias (ind\u00edgenas) do pa\u00eds, reconhecidas como l\u00ednguas nacionais, sem nenhuma\u00a0lei que as\u00a0impe\u00e7a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1228],"tags":[1555,1394,1562,1547],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-44353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-acesso-a-informacao-pt-br","tag-acesso-a-informacao-pt-br","tag-mexico-pt-br","tag-radio-e-tv-pt-br","tag-regulacao-pt-br"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nM\u00e9xico aprova transmiss\u00f5es em l\u00ednguas origin\u00e1rias ap\u00f3s reforma de Lei de Telecom - LatAm Journalism Review by the Knight Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u00e9xico aprova transmiss\u00f5es em l\u00ednguas origin\u00e1rias ap\u00f3s reforma de Lei de Telecom Acesso a Informa\u00e7\u00e3o. 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Higuera Fl\u00f3rez is a Colombian journalist interested in covering Latin American issues and human rights, especially the right to freedom of expression, and investigative journalism. She studied Social Communication and Journalism at Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana in Bucaramanga (Colombia), and received her Master's of Arts in Journalism from the University of Texas at Austin in 2015. She worked with the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) under the Orlando Sierra fellowship during 2014. She also worked for the Colombian newspaper Vanguardia Liberal and wrote for different magazines about local, economic and public order issues. Her work has also appeared in The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald of Miami. Email: silvia.knightcenter@gmail.com Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez es una periodista colombiana con inter\u00e9s period\u00edstico es Am\u00e9rica Latina y los derechos humanos, particularmente el derecho a la libertad de expresi\u00f3n, as\u00ed como el periodismo de investigaci\u00f3n. Estudi\u00f3 Comunicaci\u00f3n Social \u2013 Periodismo en la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga (Colombia), y recibi\u00f3 su maestr\u00eda en Periodismo en la Universidad de Texas, en Austin en 2015. Trabaj\u00f3 para la Relator\u00eda Especial para la Libertad de Expresi\u00f3n de la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) en el marco de la beca Orlando Sierra, durante 2014. Tambi\u00e9n hizo parte del diario Vanguardia Liberal y escribi\u00f3 para otras revistas colombianas cubriendo fuentes locales, econ\u00f3micas y judiciales. Algunos de sus trabajos han aparecido en The Miami Herald y El Nuevo Herald de Miami. Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez \u00e9 uma jornalista colombiana e seu interesse jornal\u00edstico \u00e9 a Am\u00e9rica Latina e os direitos humanos, nomeadamente o direito \u00e0 liberdade de express\u00e3o. Estudou Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o Social \u2013 Jornalismo na Universidade Pontif\u00edcia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga, na Col\u00f4mbia e completou seu mestrado em jornalismo na Universidade do Texas em Austin. Silvia trabalhou na Relatoria para a Liberdade de Express\u00e3o da CIDH pela bolsa Orlando Sierra, em 2014. Trabalhou para o jornal Vanguardia Liberal e escreveu para outras revistas colombianas cobrindo temas locais, econ\u00f4micas e judici\u00e1rias. 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Higuera Fl\u00f3rez is a Colombian journalist interested in covering Latin American issues and human rights, especially the right to freedom of expression, and investigative journalism. She studied Social Communication and Journalism at Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana in Bucaramanga (Colombia), and received her Master's of Arts in Journalism from the University of Texas at Austin in 2015. She worked with the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) under the Orlando Sierra fellowship during 2014. She also worked for the Colombian newspaper Vanguardia Liberal and wrote for different magazines about local, economic and public order issues. Her work has also appeared in The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald of Miami. Email: silvia.knightcenter@gmail.com Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez es una periodista colombiana con inter\u00e9s period\u00edstico es Am\u00e9rica Latina y los derechos humanos, particularmente el derecho a la libertad de expresi\u00f3n, as\u00ed como el periodismo de investigaci\u00f3n. Estudi\u00f3 Comunicaci\u00f3n Social \u2013 Periodismo en la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga (Colombia), y recibi\u00f3 su maestr\u00eda en Periodismo en la Universidad de Texas, en Austin en 2015. Trabaj\u00f3 para la Relator\u00eda Especial para la Libertad de Expresi\u00f3n de la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) en el marco de la beca Orlando Sierra, durante 2014. Tambi\u00e9n hizo parte del diario Vanguardia Liberal y escribi\u00f3 para otras revistas colombianas cubriendo fuentes locales, econ\u00f3micas y judiciales. Algunos de sus trabajos han aparecido en The Miami Herald y El Nuevo Herald de Miami. Silvia A. Higuera Fl\u00f3rez \u00e9 uma jornalista colombiana e seu interesse jornal\u00edstico \u00e9 a Am\u00e9rica Latina e os direitos humanos, nomeadamente o direito \u00e0 liberdade de express\u00e3o. Estudou Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o Social \u2013 Jornalismo na Universidade Pontif\u00edcia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga, na Col\u00f4mbia e completou seu mestrado em jornalismo na Universidade do Texas em Austin. Silvia trabalhou na Relatoria para a Liberdade de Express\u00e3o da CIDH pela bolsa Orlando Sierra, em 2014. Trabalhou para o jornal Vanguardia Liberal e escreveu para outras revistas colombianas cobrindo temas locais, econ\u00f4micas e judici\u00e1rias. Alguns de seus trabalhos apareceram no The Miami Herald e no El Nuevo Herald de Miami.","sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/shiguerita"],"url":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/articles\/author\/silvia-higuera\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44353","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44353"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44353\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44357,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44353\/revisions\/44357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44353"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44353"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44353"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latamjournalismreview.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=44353"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}