In LJR’s “Five Questions,” the veteran Argentine editor and media entrepreneur encourages colleagues to continue believing in “healthy” journalism that centers audience needs and the human stories that are transforming the world.
At the 18th Ibero-American Colloquium on Digital Journalism, SembraMedia executives said sustainability is a daily and collective process for independent journalism.
At the 18th Iberoamerican Colloquium on Digital Journalism, the regional director for the International Fund for Public Interest Media spoke about lessons learned in the two years since the fund’s launch.
After floods displaced 615,000 people in southern Brazil, local media struggled to stay active. Now, Reporters Without Borders has launched a project to help small outlets prepare for future crises.
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How can media outlets in Latin America be supported? How can technological development, innovation and experimentation in media organizations be promoted?
These are some of the questions that the International Fund for Public Interest Media (IFPIM) seeks to answer through its work in Latin America.
During the 18th Iberoamerican Colloquium on Digital Journalism on March 29, Vanina Berghella, IFPIM’s regional director for Latin America and the Caribbean, presented lessons learned and results from the fund’s last two years of work after launching in the region in 2023.
IFPIM is a global multilateral fund that seeks to support public interest media, defined by Berghella as media outlets that exist to inform the public about relevant issues, provide reliable, independent, and transparent information, and which are committed to the pursuit of truth.
Berghella said that in 2023, the fund distributed more than $7 million across seven countries, including Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil.
“The work we are doing is not just about directly supporting a media outlet, but about supporting initiatives that think about solutions for systemic change,” Berghella said.
The work of the fund is unique and significant in Latin America because, according to Berghella, it provides diverse support to a wide range of media organizations, from digital platforms to legacy outlets.
“It’s not just about providing funding but ensuring that media can sustain themselves in the long term,” she stated.
The fund does not limit itself to covering only project costs but also provides support for organizational expenses such as salaries, rent, legal assistance, strategic planning, security protocols and initiatives focused on inclusion and diversity.
According to Berghella, IFPIM’s mission is strongly connected to the need for building sustainability in global media, especially given the fact that government and private sector funding for journalism remains very low.
By Isabela Ocampo
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How can media outlets in Latin America be supported? How can technological development, innovation and experimentation in media organizations be promoted?
These are some of the questions that the International Fund for Public Interest Media (IFPIM) seeks to answer through its work in Latin America.
During the 18th Iberoamerican Colloquium on Digital Journalism on March 29, Vanina Berghella, IFPIM’s regional director for Latin America and the Caribbean, presented lessons learned and results from the fund’s last two years of work after launching in the region in 2023.
IFPIM is a global multilateral fund that seeks to support public interest media, defined by Berghella as media outlets that exist to inform the public about relevant issues, provide reliable, independent, and transparent information, and which are committed to the pursuit of truth.
Berghella said that in 2023, the fund distributed more than $7 million across seven countries, including Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil.
“The work we are doing is not just about directly supporting a media outlet, but about supporting initiatives that think about solutions for systemic change,” Berghella said.
The work of the fund is unique and significant in Latin America because, according to Berghella, it provides diverse support to a wide range of media organizations, from digital platforms to legacy outlets.
“It’s not just about providing funding but ensuring that media can sustain themselves in the long term,” she stated.
The fund does not limit itself to covering only project costs but also provides support for organizational expenses such as salaries, rent, legal assistance, strategic planning, security protocols and initiatives focused on inclusion and diversity.
According to Berghella, IFPIM’s mission is strongly connected to the need for building sustainability in global media, especially given the fact that government and private sector funding for journalism remains very low.
By Isabela Ocampo
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Information overload and lack of transparency in government are perennial challenges for journalists, so having reliable and powerful tools can make the difference between a hunch and a major investigation.
Now more than ever, investigative and data journalism in Latin America needs allies to help cross-reference information, detect power networks, track down hidden documents on the web, or visualize findings in a clear and compelling way.
At LatAm Journalism Review (LJR), we have compiled eight tools—some new, others well established—that are transforming how investigations are conducted. From platforms that connect government databases to search engines powered by artificial intelligence, these tools have been recommended by well-known journalists who already use them to uncover corruption networks, analyze trends, or tell complex stories with rigor and precision.
By Katherine Pennacchio
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Information overload and lack of transparency in government are perennial challenges for journalists, so having reliable and powerful tools can make the difference between a hunch and a major investigation.
Now more than ever, investigative and data journalism in Latin America needs allies to help cross-reference information, detect power networks, track down hidden documents on the web, or visualize findings in a clear and compelling way.
At LatAm Journalism Review (LJR), we have compiled eight tools—some new, others well established—that are transforming how investigations are conducted. From platforms that connect government databases to search engines powered by artificial intelligence, these tools have been recommended by well-known journalists who already use them to uncover corruption networks, analyze trends, or tell complex stories with rigor and precision.
By Katherine Pennacchio
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As enchentes de maio de 2024 no estado brasileiro do Rio Grande do Sul, no Sul do país, representam o maior desastre climático da história da região. Praticamente todas as cidades do estado ficaram submersas, 615 mil pessoas ficaram desabrigadas e 183 morreram. O rastro de destruição resultou em escassez de água potável, cortes de energia e no fechamento do aeroporto da capital por cinco meses.
Veículos de comunicação enfrentaram desafios para manter o público informado, que iam desde a perda de sua estrutura física até dificuldades operacionais para continuar reportando os acontecimentos. Em resposta, a Repórteres Sem Fronteiras (RSF) iniciou em janeiro o Projeto de Resiliência Climática para o Jornalismo no Rio Grande do Sul. A iniciativa faz parte de uma nova diretriz global da RSF para incorporar a crise climática em sua missão de defender a liberdade de imprensa e proteger jornalistas ameaçados.
“O jornalismo desempenha um papel essencial no enfrentamento da crise climática, pois a sociedade precisa estar bem informada para compreender e reagir a um dos maiores desafios do nosso tempo.”, disse Artur Romeu, diretor do escritório da RSF para a América Latina à Latam Journalism Review (LJR). “Estamos incorporando essa pauta em uma lógica mais ampla de respostas a crises, buscando estratégias para viabilizar o jornalismo em cenários extremos”.
Um exemplo concreto, segundo Romeu, foi a distribuição, ano passado, de power banks e estações de carregamento para jornalistas no Equador, que enfrentaram apagões com cortes de energia superiores a 14 horas diárias durante vários meses.
No caso do Rio Grande do Sul, Romeu disse que a RSF vai apoiar financeiramente veículos que foram impactados pelas fortes chuvas e inundações no ano passado. Os veículos que receberão as verbas ainda serão selecionados. A RSF disse que contratou a Associação de Jornalismo Digital (Ajor) para realizar um levantamento que irá consubstanciar a seleção. A ideia também é mobilizar uma discussão sobre resiliência climática para o jornalismo, incentivando as redações a se preparem melhor para cobrir eventos climáticos extremos.
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As enchentes de maio de 2024 no estado brasileiro do Rio Grande do Sul, no Sul do país, representam o maior desastre climático da história da região. Praticamente todas as cidades do estado ficaram submersas, 615 mil pessoas ficaram desabrigadas e 183 morreram. O rastro de destruição resultou em escassez de água potável, cortes de energia e no fechamento do aeroporto da capital por cinco meses.
Veículos de comunicação enfrentaram desafios para manter o público informado, que iam desde a perda de sua estrutura física até dificuldades operacionais para continuar reportando os acontecimentos. Em resposta, a Repórteres Sem Fronteiras (RSF) iniciou em janeiro o Projeto de Resiliência Climática para o Jornalismo no Rio Grande do Sul. A iniciativa faz parte de uma nova diretriz global da RSF para incorporar a crise climática em sua missão de defender a liberdade de imprensa e proteger jornalistas ameaçados.
“O jornalismo desempenha um papel essencial no enfrentamento da crise climática, pois a sociedade precisa estar bem informada para compreender e reagir a um dos maiores desafios do nosso tempo.”, disse Artur Romeu, diretor do escritório da RSF para a América Latina à Latam Journalism Review (LJR). “Estamos incorporando essa pauta em uma lógica mais ampla de respostas a crises, buscando estratégias para viabilizar o jornalismo em cenários extremos”.
Um exemplo concreto, segundo Romeu, foi a distribuição, ano passado, de power banks e estações de carregamento para jornalistas no Equador, que enfrentaram apagões com cortes de energia superiores a 14 horas diárias durante vários meses.
No caso do Rio Grande do Sul, Romeu disse que a RSF vai apoiar financeiramente veículos que foram impactados pelas fortes chuvas e inundações no ano passado. Os veículos que receberão as verbas ainda serão selecionados. A RSF disse que contratou a Associação de Jornalismo Digital (Ajor) para realizar um levantamento que irá consubstanciar a seleção. A ideia também é mobilizar uma discussão sobre resiliência climática para o jornalismo, incentivando as redações a se preparem melhor para cobrir eventos climáticos extremos.
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The most heartbreaking story reporter Henry Córdova has covered in his 16-year career was on the death of his colleague and friend Patricio Aguilar, who was shot to death on March 4, in the city of Quinindé in Ecuador.
Aguilar, founder and editor of the community newspaper El Libertador, had gone out to cover the alleged release of a kidnapping victim when he was shot more than 30 times.
Colleagues and residents of Quinindé, a city in the coastal province of Esmeraldas, near the border with Colombia, sought out Córdova to confirm or refute what was already being rumored on the streets.
“This must have been the most painful professional experience of my life, the most heartbreaking,” Córdova told LatAm Journalism Review (LJR). “My first reaction was shock. It took me several minutes before I could go out to verify the incident and then return with the sad confirmation that it had indeed happened. I had to make the decision, on the night of the crime, to do a broadcast to confirm Patricio’s death and later to broadcast the entire funeral ceremony.”
Aguilar’s killing is part of what Córdova described as a “context of widespread violence” in Esmeraldas province, which has been on the rise since 2022 due to political instability and the advance of organized crime.
In Esmeraldas and other provinces along Ecuador’s northern border, the climate of violence is compounded by job insecurity and a lack of protection from the state. This combination has created an environment of vulnerability for journalists that has led to people leaving the profession, self-censorship, and news gaps.
Aguilar’s murder is the first killing of a journalist in Esmeraldas since 2018, when reporter Javier Ortega, photographer Paúl Rivas, and driver Efraín Segarra, all from the newspaper El Comercio, were kidnapped and killed in Mataje—a town in the same province neighboring Colombia.
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The most heartbreaking story reporter Henry Córdova has covered in his 16-year career was on the death of his colleague and friend Patricio Aguilar, who was shot to death on March 4, in the city of Quinindé in Ecuador.
Aguilar, founder and editor of the community newspaper El Libertador, had gone out to cover the alleged release of a kidnapping victim when he was shot more than 30 times.
Colleagues and residents of Quinindé, a city in the coastal province of Esmeraldas, near the border with Colombia, sought out Córdova to confirm or refute what was already being rumored on the streets.
“This must have been the most painful professional experience of my life, the most heartbreaking,” Córdova told LatAm Journalism Review (LJR). “My first reaction was shock. It took me several minutes before I could go out to verify the incident and then return with the sad confirmation that it had indeed happened. I had to make the decision, on the night of the crime, to do a broadcast to confirm Patricio’s death and later to broadcast the entire funeral ceremony.”
Aguilar’s killing is part of what Córdova described as a “context of widespread violence” in Esmeraldas province, which has been on the rise since 2022 due to political instability and the advance of organized crime.
In Esmeraldas and other provinces along Ecuador’s northern border, the climate of violence is compounded by job insecurity and a lack of protection from the state. This combination has created an environment of vulnerability for journalists that has led to people leaving the profession, self-censorship, and news gaps.
Aguilar’s murder is the first killing of a journalist in Esmeraldas since 2018, when reporter Javier Ortega, photographer Paúl Rivas, and driver Efraín Segarra, all from the newspaper El Comercio, were kidnapped and killed in Mataje—a town in the same province neighboring Colombia.
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Recent academic research on journalism in Latin America reveals threats to press freedom through disinformation and silencing tactics under dictatorships as well as liberal democracies. Scholars examined some of these challenges in the panel "Academic investigations of Latin American Journalism," held on March 29 at the 18th Ibero-American Digital Journalism Colloquium at the University of Texas at Austin.
Panelists addressed attacks on press freedom, disinformation, sensationalism, and the changing landscape in Latin American newsrooms. They advocated for stronger dialogue between academia and newsrooms, as well as new forms of cooperation to strengthen journalism.
Erich De La Fuente, international relations professor at Florida International University, opened the discussion by presenting research on how press freedom deteriorates in liberal democracies through subtle changes often invisible to society. De La Fuente emphasized the importance of identifying these warning signs early, comparing it to preventive medicine and medical check-ups.
His research primarily examined Argentina`s case, observing how a democracy can face gradual threats to press freedom. Among the signs, De La Fuente highlighted how governments use state advertising as a control mechanism, not only withdrawing advertisements from critical media but also using public resources and companies to create or purchase new communication vehicles favorable to the government, as was the case under Cristina Kirchner, former president and vice president of Argentina, De La Fuente said.
"State advertising wasn`t just government business, but also involved using Aerolíneas Argentinas, [state oil and gas company] YPF, and other state entities to direct resources toward creating media entities," he said. "Not just building some from scratch, but buying media through private groups."
De La Fuente described how governments pressure private companies to remove advertising from independent media, not through direct orders but through selective inspections and audits.
By André Duchiade
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Recent academic research on journalism in Latin America reveals threats to press freedom through disinformation and silencing tactics under dictatorships as well as liberal democracies. Scholars examined some of these challenges in the panel "Academic investigations of Latin American Journalism," held on March 29 at the 18th Ibero-American Digital Journalism Colloquium at the University of Texas at Austin.
Panelists addressed attacks on press freedom, disinformation, sensationalism, and the changing landscape in Latin American newsrooms. They advocated for stronger dialogue between academia and newsrooms, as well as new forms of cooperation to strengthen journalism.
Erich De La Fuente, international relations professor at Florida International University, opened the discussion by presenting research on how press freedom deteriorates in liberal democracies through subtle changes often invisible to society. De La Fuente emphasized the importance of identifying these warning signs early, comparing it to preventive medicine and medical check-ups.
His research primarily examined Argentina`s case, observing how a democracy can face gradual threats to press freedom. Among the signs, De La Fuente highlighted how governments use state advertising as a control mechanism, not only withdrawing advertisements from critical media but also using public resources and companies to create or purchase new communication vehicles favorable to the government, as was the case under Cristina Kirchner, former president and vice president of Argentina, De La Fuente said.
"State advertising wasn`t just government business, but also involved using Aerolíneas Argentinas, [state oil and gas company] YPF, and other state entities to direct resources toward creating media entities," he said. "Not just building some from scratch, but buying media through private groups."
De La Fuente described how governments pressure private companies to remove advertising from independent media, not through direct orders but through selective inspections and audits.
By André Duchiade
Talking about journalism in Nicaragua means talking about resistance, courage—and exile. For nearly 10 years, Nicaraguan journalists have endured repression under President Daniel Ortega’s administration. The situation is now one of the most concerning in the region, which is why it was a focus during the 18th Ibero-American Colloquium on Digital Journalism on March 29.
Moderated by Carlos Lauría, executive director of the Inter American Press Association (IAPA), the panel “Nicaragua: Journalism in Exile” centered on escalating threats and the strategies Nicaraguan journalists have adopted to continue their work from abroad.
Lauría opened the conversation by citing data from the Fundación por la Libertad de Expresión y Democracia (FLED), which reported at least 289 journalists in exile, more than 50 news outlets shut down or taken over by the government, as well as journalists imprisoned and/ or forcibly disappeared. He also pointed to new forms of censorship, including the government’s recent blocking of websites with the .ni domain.
“Most of the Nicaraguan press is now based in Costa Rica,” Lauría said, before inviting panelists to discuss how they continue reporting while outside the country.
“We’ve had to work with a newsroom scattered across several countries,” said Nayel Martínez, editor at the newspaper La Prensa. La Prensa has been one of the outlets most heavily targeted by the regime of Copresidents Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo.
For years, the outlet faced daily obstacles: blocked access to newsprint, harassment from the national tax agency, and restrictions on reporting. But it was the confiscation of La Prensa’s headquarters and the forced exile of chief editor Juan Lorenzo Holmann that led the newsroom to relocate abroad.
According to Martínez, the newspaper now operates with journalists based in countries including Costa Rica, Spain, Canada, Mexico and the United States. Time zone differences and the need for journalists to hold second jobs in their host countries make the work even more difficult.
“We were forced to leave our country,” Martinez said. “We did not want to leave, but unfortunately we were pushed out.”
By Silvia Higuera
Talking about journalism in Nicaragua means talking about resistance, courage—and exile. For nearly 10 years, Nicaraguan journalists have endured repression under President Daniel Ortega’s administration. The situation is now one of the most concerning in the region, which is why it was a focus during the 18th Ibero-American Colloquium on Digital Journalism on March 29.
Moderated by Carlos Lauría, executive director of the Inter American Press Association (IAPA), the panel “Nicaragua: Journalism in Exile” centered on escalating threats and the strategies Nicaraguan journalists have adopted to continue their work from abroad.
Lauría opened the conversation by citing data from the Fundación por la Libertad de Expresión y Democracia (FLED), which reported at least 289 journalists in exile, more than 50 news outlets shut down or taken over by the government, as well as journalists imprisoned and/ or forcibly disappeared. He also pointed to new forms of censorship, including the government’s recent blocking of websites with the .ni domain.
“Most of the Nicaraguan press is now based in Costa Rica,” Lauría said, before inviting panelists to discuss how they continue reporting while outside the country.
“We’ve had to work with a newsroom scattered across several countries,” said Nayel Martínez, editor at the newspaper La Prensa. La Prensa has been one of the outlets most heavily targeted by the regime of Copresidents Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo.
For years, the outlet faced daily obstacles: blocked access to newsprint, harassment from the national tax agency, and restrictions on reporting. But it was the confiscation of La Prensa’s headquarters and the forced exile of chief editor Juan Lorenzo Holmann that led the newsroom to relocate abroad.
According to Martínez, the newspaper now operates with journalists based in countries including Costa Rica, Spain, Canada, Mexico and the United States. Time zone differences and the need for journalists to hold second jobs in their host countries make the work even more difficult.
“We were forced to leave our country,” Martinez said. “We did not want to leave, but unfortunately we were pushed out.”
By Silvia Higuera
As part of the Worlds of Journalism Study (WJS), researchers surveyed more than 4,000 journalists in 11 Latin American countries and highlighted significant challenges regarding job security and workplace conditions.
Several panelists presented the results at the 18th Iberoamerican Colloquium on Digital Journalism this Saturday, March 29, in Austin.
Sallie Hughes, a professor at the University of Miami, spoke about surveillance and intimidation of journalists in the region.
Hughes said 27% of journalists surveyed reported having been subjected to some form of surveillance in the previous five years. Within the workplace, she added, the survey showed bullying was common and impacted female journalists more than their male counterparts.
She also mentioned the issue of job insecurity, as almost half of journalists surveyed lack full-time contracts, as many work for multiple platforms and many take on additional jobs.
The professor also spoke about concerns for safety. She said that more than 70% of journalists worry about their mental well-being, almost half fear for their physical safety, and many, especially women, face economic insecurity. The way to deal with these situations is to have support networks, she said.
"Journalists rely more on each other than on government institutions," she said.
Hughes emphasized the need to document not only the attacks but also the resistance, underscoring the importance of institutional support for press freedom in the region.
“In Mexico, journalism is facing an unprecedented crisis,” said Armando Gutierrez Ortega, a professor at the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC).
The journalist and professor shared that since 2018, with the arrival of a populist government, journalists have been under constant threat, facing a systematic strategy of discrediting, harassment and information control.
Gutierrez mentioned several strategies of control implemented by the government, which use precise tactics to weaken critical media outlets: cutting advertising funds, disqualifying them with terms like "conservative" or "posh," and constant media attacks.
By Desiree Marquez
As part of the Worlds of Journalism Study (WJS), researchers surveyed more than 4,000 journalists in 11 Latin American countries and highlighted significant challenges regarding job security and workplace conditions.
Several panelists presented the results at the 18th Iberoamerican Colloquium on Digital Journalism this Saturday, March 29, in Austin.
Sallie Hughes, a professor at the University of Miami, spoke about surveillance and intimidation of journalists in the region.
Hughes said 27% of journalists surveyed reported having been subjected to some form of surveillance in the previous five years. Within the workplace, she added, the survey showed bullying was common and impacted female journalists more than their male counterparts.
She also mentioned the issue of job insecurity, as almost half of journalists surveyed lack full-time contracts, as many work for multiple platforms and many take on additional jobs.
The professor also spoke about concerns for safety. She said that more than 70% of journalists worry about their mental well-being, almost half fear for their physical safety, and many, especially women, face economic insecurity. The way to deal with these situations is to have support networks, she said.
"Journalists rely more on each other than on government institutions," she said.
Hughes emphasized the need to document not only the attacks but also the resistance, underscoring the importance of institutional support for press freedom in the region.
“In Mexico, journalism is facing an unprecedented crisis,” said Armando Gutierrez Ortega, a professor at the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC).
The journalist and professor shared that since 2018, with the arrival of a populist government, journalists have been under constant threat, facing a systematic strategy of discrediting, harassment and information control.
Gutierrez mentioned several strategies of control implemented by the government, which use precise tactics to weaken critical media outlets: cutting advertising funds, disqualifying them with terms like "conservative" or "posh," and constant media attacks.
By Desiree Marquez
The funding crisis, the emergence of artificial intelligence, the loss of credibility in the media, and attacks on the press are some of the challenges that media outlets in Latin America are responding to with various types of innovative projects.
Representatives from seven media outlets and organizations presented their initiatives during the panel “Special Projects from Latin America” at the 18th Ibero-American Colloquium on Digital Journalism, held March 29, 2025, as part of the International Symposium on Online Journalism (ISOJ) at the University of Texas at Austin.
José Nieves, editor-in-chief of the Cuban digital outlet elTOQUE, spoke about the strategies that Latin American media in exile are experimenting with to strengthen their business models at a time when opportunities for grants and support from international cooperation are increasingly scarce.
The journalist said that in recent months, he conducted a series of interviews with news media directors for his video podcast “Hablando en Plata,” which was part of his program as a 2024 ICFJ Knight Fellow. From those interviews, he concluded that it is urgent for media in exile to find ways to diversify their business models.
“We cannot depend on grants, and there is no time to look for long-term solutions,” Nieves said. “We have to move quickly to create other ways to generate income that will allow us to reduce our dependence on grants.”
The journalist warned that the recent withdrawal of support from U.S. entities—along with the disappearance of more and more European grants, the pullback of funding from tech companies like Meta, and NGOs like the Open Society Foundations—could lead to the disappearance of many independent media outlets.
“This is a perfect storm that could lead to a mass extinction event,” he said. “But from the resilience of Latin American media in exile, we can test these models to help us continue operating over time.”
By César López Linares
The funding crisis, the emergence of artificial intelligence, the loss of credibility in the media, and attacks on the press are some of the challenges that media outlets in Latin America are responding to with various types of innovative projects.
Representatives from seven media outlets and organizations presented their initiatives during the panel “Special Projects from Latin America” at the 18th Ibero-American Colloquium on Digital Journalism, held March 29, 2025, as part of the International Symposium on Online Journalism (ISOJ) at the University of Texas at Austin.
José Nieves, editor-in-chief of the Cuban digital outlet elTOQUE, spoke about the strategies that Latin American media in exile are experimenting with to strengthen their business models at a time when opportunities for grants and support from international cooperation are increasingly scarce.
The journalist said that in recent months, he conducted a series of interviews with news media directors for his video podcast “Hablando en Plata,” which was part of his program as a 2024 ICFJ Knight Fellow. From those interviews, he concluded that it is urgent for media in exile to find ways to diversify their business models.
“We cannot depend on grants, and there is no time to look for long-term solutions,” Nieves said. “We have to move quickly to create other ways to generate income that will allow us to reduce our dependence on grants.”
The journalist warned that the recent withdrawal of support from U.S. entities—along with the disappearance of more and more European grants, the pullback of funding from tech companies like Meta, and NGOs like the Open Society Foundations—could lead to the disappearance of many independent media outlets.
“This is a perfect storm that could lead to a mass extinction event,” he said. “But from the resilience of Latin American media in exile, we can test these models to help us continue operating over time.”
By César López Linares
